Question 1

According to dual-process theories of decision-making, when complicated or important decisions need to be made people use

Accepted Answer

A)   dumb and dumber strategies.
B)   fast and frugal strategies.
C)   intuitive strategies.
D)   rule-governed strategies.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 2

When trying to decide between two different choices of sandwiches for lunch Susan can use a variety of strategies, including an additive strategy in which she gradually adds less attractive choices to her elimination list and an elimination strategy in which she will gradually eliminate the attributes that will allow her to eliminate the numerous choices until she has one remaining.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

____________________ is the term used by psychologists to refer to mental processes or thinking.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ is the term used by psychologists...

Question 4

Research shows that when consumers have a very high number of products to choose from, they are

Accepted Answer

A)   likely to purchase more items.
B)   likely to purchase fewer items.
C)   likely to purchase no items.
D)   likely to purchase higher quality items.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

The component of language that would be evident if an individual recognises that "give" and "take" have opposite meanings is

Accepted Answer

A)   syntax.
B)   phonology.
C)   generativity.
D)   semantics.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

The linguistic relativity hypothesis is most consistent with the unifying theme in psychology that

Accepted Answer

A)   heredity and environment jointly influence behaviour.
B)   behaviour is shaped by cultural heritage.
C)   people's experience of the world is highly subjective.
D)   psychology is empirical.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following situations would lead you to suspect that the child has a language development problem?

Accepted Answer

A)   A one-year-old child understands a few words and can say a few words.
B)   A two-year-old child babbles and uses a few words.
C)   A three-year-old child uses grammar correctly around 75% to 80% of the time.
D)   A five-year-old child can use language much better than a chimpanzee.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

A mental "rule of thumb" for problem solving is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   an algorithm.
B)   a heuristic.
C)   a mental set.
D)   a syllogism.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

The requirement that a declarative sentence have both a noun phrase and a verb phrase is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)   rule of syntax.
B)   transformational rule.
C)   morpheme.
D)   heuristic.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

When the word "jar" is changed to the word "jars", the number of

Accepted Answer

A)   phonemes increases, but the number of morphemes stays the same.
B)   phonemes stays the same, but the number of morphemes is increased.
C)   phonemes and morphemes are both increased.
D)   phonemes decreases, but the number of morphemes increases.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

The area of psychology that refers broadly to mental processes or thinking is

Accepted Answer

A)   introspection.
B)   cognition.
C)   mentalism.
D)   intelligence.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that when people have to make quick decisions they tend to

Accepted Answer

A)   gather information, calculate probabilities, and make statistically optimal decisions.
B)   use relatively simple heuristics.
C)   use relatively complicated heuristics.
D)   make irrational decisions.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Failure to actively seek out contrary evidence may lead to

Accepted Answer

A)   overestimating the improbable.
B)   the conjunction fallacy.
C)   the gambler's fallacy.
D)   the confirmation bias.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 14

When people persist in using problem-solving strategies that have worked in the past, they are displaying ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When people persist in using problem-solving strategies...

Question 15

Summarise the effects of bilingualism on language and cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

There is little empirical support for th...

Question 16

Metalinguistic awareness refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the ability to recognise one's own grammatical errors.
B)   the ability to reflect on the use of language.
C)   knowledge of which verbs are irregular.
D)   awareness of the role of positive reinforcement in language acquisition.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Young children have a larger receptive vocabulary than productive vocabulary. In other words, they ____ more words than they ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   hear; speak
B)   speak; understand
C)   understand; speak
D)   understand; hearE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 18

Pinker and Bloom (1992)  suggest that human language may be a result of evolutionary processes because language allows humans to

Accepted Answer

A)   acquire information about the world secondhand.
B)   use trial-and-error learning more effectively.
C)   avoid heuristic fallacies.
D)   engage in more efficient introspection.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Which of the following statements concerning the ability of animals to acquire language is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   some language-like skills have been taught to a number of species
B)   questions remain concerning whether the language-like behaviour of animals demonstrate all the critical properties of language
C)   animals have never shown behaviour that suggests an understanding of grammatical rules
D)   the ability to use language - in a very basic, primitive way - may not be entirely unique to humansE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 20

The failure to recognise that you can use a tool as a weight is an example of the problem-solving barrier known as functional fixedness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 8: Cognition and Language

The component of language that would be evident if an individual recognises that "give" and "take" have opposite meanings is

Correct Answer
verified

When the word "jar" is changed to the word "jars", the number of

Correct Answer
verified

According to dual-process theories of decision-making, when complicated or important decisions need to be made people use

Correct Answer
verified

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that when people have to make quick decisions they tend to

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A mental "rule of thumb" for problem solving is referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

When people persist in using problem-solving strategies that have worked in the past, they are displaying ____________________.

Correct Answer
verified

____________________ is the term used by psychologists to refer to mental processes or thinking.

Correct Answer
verified

The linguistic relativity hypothesis is most consistent with the unifying theme in psychology that

Correct Answer
verified

Metalinguistic awareness refers to

Correct Answer
verified

The failure to recognise that you can use a tool as a weight is an example of the problem-solving barrier known as functional fixedness.

Correct Answer
verified

Summarise the effects of bilingualism on language and cognitive development.

Correct Answer
verified
There is little empirical support for th...
View Answer

The requirement that a declarative sentence have both a noun phrase and a verb phrase is an example of a

Correct Answer
verified

Pinker and Bloom (1992) suggest that human language may be a result of evolutionary processes because language allows humans to

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following situations would lead you to suspect that the child has a language development problem?

Correct Answer
verified

The area of psychology that refers broadly to mental processes or thinking is

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements concerning the ability of animals to acquire language is false?

Correct Answer
verified

Research shows that when consumers have a very high number of products to choose from, they are

Correct Answer
verified

Young children have a larger receptive vocabulary than productive vocabulary. In other words, they more words than they .

Correct Answer
verified

Failure to actively seek out contrary evidence may lead to

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 8: Cognition and Language

The component of language that would be evident if an individual recognises that "give" and "take" have opposite meanings is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the word "jar" is changed to the word "jars", the number of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to dual-process theories of decision-making, when complicated or important decisions need to be made people use

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that when people have to make quick decisions they tend to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mental "rule of thumb" for problem solving is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people persist in using problem-solving strategies that have worked in the past, they are displaying ____________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

____________________ is the term used by psychologists to refer to mental processes or thinking.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The linguistic relativity hypothesis is most consistent with the unifying theme in psychology that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Metalinguistic awareness refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The failure to recognise that you can use a tool as a weight is an example of the problem-solving barrier known as functional fixedness.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Summarise the effects of bilingualism on language and cognitive development.

Correct AnswerverifiedThere is little empirical support for th...View AnswerShow Answer

The requirement that a declarative sentence have both a noun phrase and a verb phrase is an example of a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pinker and Bloom (1992) suggest that human language may be a result of evolutionary processes because language allows humans to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following situations would lead you to suspect that the child has a language development problem?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The area of psychology that refers broadly to mental processes or thinking is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements concerning the ability of animals to acquire language is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research shows that when consumers have a very high number of products to choose from, they are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Young children have a larger receptive vocabulary than productive vocabulary. In other words, they ____ more words than they ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Failure to actively seek out contrary evidence may lead to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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There is little empirical support for th...
View Answer

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Young children have a larger receptive vocabulary than productive vocabulary. In other words, they more words than they .

Correct Answer
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