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Julio is extremely dependable and productive, and his friends think he is great at organizing events. Based on the five-factor model of personality, Julio would probably score


A) high in agreeableness.
B) low in neuroticism.
C) high in conscientiousness.
D) high in openness.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following personality theorists did NOT emphasize the influence of childhood experiences on adult personality? ​


A) Sigmund Freud
B) Abraham Maslow ​
C) Carl Rogers
D) Alfred Adler

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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According to Rogers, for a child to develop a healthy personality, the parents must ​


A) avoid the use of punishment.
B) address the child's ego needs.
C) exhibit unconditional love toward the child.
D) create an atmosphere of intellectual stimulation.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following approaches to personality is MOST firmly rooted in empirical research?


A) Behavioral approach
B) Psychoanalytic approach
C) Humanistic approach
D) Analytical approach

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following definitions of personality BEST reflects the views of B. F. Skinner?


A) Stable behavioral traits that evolve as a function of natural selection
B) A collection of response tendencies acquired through experience
C) Consistent patterns of behavior that occur as a result of unconscious impulses
D) Innate behavioral tendencies that reflect a unique pattern of genetic predispositions

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following is NOT a weakness associated with self-report inventories?


A) Inconsistent scoring
B) Social desirability bias
C) Response sets
D) Deliberate deception

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following is one of the major criticisms of the humanistic approach to personality?


A) It is too deterministic.
B) It is too optimistic about human nature.
C) It presents a fragmented view of personality.
D) It de-emphasizes the subjective nature of self-concept.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Eric is a careful driver. He usually obeys the speed limit and abides by all traffic regulations. Today, however, as he is driving to Florida with some friends for spring break, he is driving 25 mph over the speed limit. Which of the following personality theorists would be BEST able to explain this inconsistency in Eric's behavior?


A) Carl Jung
B) Albert Bandura
C) Abraham Maslow
D) Walter Mischel

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Under stress, a college student cries and throws things. The student's behavior is an example of


A) regression.
B) reaction formation.
C) displacement.
D) immaturity.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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According to the five-factor model of personality, people who score high in _____ tend to be sympathetic, trusting, cooperative, and modest.


A) neuroticism
B) extraversion
C) conscientiousness
D) agreeableness

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Four-year-old Sam has erotically tinged desires for his mother and also feels hostility toward his father. Freud would conclude that Sam is experiencing the _____ complex.


A) Oedipal
B) phallic
C) identification
D) genital

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Which of the following theorists argues that people have a strong need for affection, love, and acceptance from others?


A) Alfred Adler
B) Carl Rogers
C) Walter Mischel
D) Gordon Allport

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Social cognitive theory differs from Skinner's approach in giving more weight to


A) secondary reinforcers.
B) respondent conditioning.
C) cognitive processes.
D) genetic factors.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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