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Exam 5: Learning

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Question 31

Multiple Choice

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Based on research presented in the text, which of the following is the best recommendation for disciplining children?

A) Rely mostly on reinforcement.
B) Avoid reinforcement; rely mostly on punishment to achieve faster effects.
C) Use only punishment.
D) Use only reinforcement.
E) Try to balance the use of reinforcement and punishment.

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Question 32

Multiple Choice

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Paul has turned to alcohol in order to flee from the problems in his marriage. We can explain his behavior as a form of

A) superstitious behavior.
B) escape learning.
C) latent learning.
D) insight learning.
E) observational learning.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Question 33

Multiple Choice

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Which of the following is not one of the processes involved in cognitive learning?

Which of the following pairings is correct?

Which of the following represents an application of a cognitive perspective on classical conditioning?

Although Little Albert was classically conditioned to fear a rat, he also began to fear dogs, rabbits, and a Santa Claus mask. This is an example of

Skinner found that coincidental association of a behavior and a reinforcement may result in

Graduate student Charisse Goldberg conducted operant conditioning trials with a laboratory rat. Goldberg trained the animal to press a lever to earn a food pellet. The rat successfully learned to press the lever. In the language of operant conditioning, what is the animal's learned response called?

Pauline became ill after eating eggs contaminated with salmonella. She subsequently becomes nauseous whenever she sees eggs. This is an example of

Thorndike is to _____ as Skinner is to _______.

Rescorla applies a cognitive perspective in explaining classical conditioning. He focuses on the extent to which the CS __________ the US.

A puff of air to the eye causes a reflexive blink. If you precede the puff of air with a buzzer, eventually the buzzer will cause a blink. In this example, the buzzer begins as the _____ and eventually becomes the ______.

Cassandra, who has been clean and sober for many years after struggling with alcoholism, no longer has a physical addiction to alcohol. However, whenever she sees her old "drinking buddies," she begins to have cravings for alcohol. Cassandra's experience is an example of

Which researcher conducted investigations of latent learning with rats in mazes?

Which of the following is the best definition of reinforcer?

Following his experience in the military, Hans developed a classically conditioned fear response to radio static. After he left the military, the response extinguished. However, after not hearing radio static for several months, Hans again shows the conditioned fear response. Hans's experience is best described by

Which view holds that behavior is completely determined by environmental and genetic influences?

In classical conditioning, a conditioned response can weaken and eventually disappear. This is referred to as

In the past three psychology labs, Liliya has been attempting to classically condition a lab rat. Her strategy has been to present the US and CS simultaneously. Which of the following should she do to strengthen the conditioned response of the rat?

To which area of human behavior was Thorndike particularly excited about applying principles of animal learning?