Question 1

What is a "carpentered" environment,and how does it relate to perceptual development?

Accepted Answer

A carpentered environment is one constru...

Question 2

Perceptual narrowing refers to the ability to better discriminate the familiar,such as phonemes and faces,through experience.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Delores repeatedly showed Curtis,her two-month-old,a picture of his grandfather.She noticed that Curtis seemed to become less interested in looking at the picture each time she showed it to him.Then she showed Curtis a picture of his grandmother,and he looked at it as long as he had first looked at his grandfather's picture.Curtis's loss of interest in his grandfather's picture demonstrates

Accepted Answer

A)   habituation of attention.
B)   a conditioned response.
C)   an operant response.
D)   recovery from habituation.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

When Brian wakes in the morning,he knows to expect to follow a routine of getting dressed and ready for the day.This understanding is an example of the implicit learning that is important for learning information organized by patterns and rules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

When Doreen was in her ninth month of pregnancy,she read nursery rhymes out loud every night for her unborn child to hear.Current research suggests that Doreen's baby

Accepted Answer

A)   will not be affected by Doreen's reading routine because unborn babies cannot hear sounds.
B)   will prefer to hear an unfamiliar voice over Doreen's voice.
C)   will prefer to hear Doreen's voice over a stranger's voice.
D)   will learn to read at a very early age.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Marasol was repeatedly presented with a picture of a large,blue butterfly.Although she looked at the picture when it was first presented,she tired of it and hardly looked at it when it was presented for the eighth time.When the stimulus was changed to a small,blue butterfly,Marasol again showed an interest by looking at the picture for a longer time.Marasol's renewed interest in the picture illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   recovery from habituation.
B)   operant conditioning.
C)   preferential looking.
D)   habituation.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

If a researcher were to observe the preferential-looking behavior of a three-month-old,she or he would most likely find that the infant looked at

Accepted Answer

A)   a gray circular array the longest amount of time.
B)   a simple rectangular bar the longest amount of time.
C)   a facelike pattern the longest amount of time.
D)   each of these for an equal length of time.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Behaviors tend to increase when followed by negative reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Hank grew up in an environment where there are relatively few straight paths and homes are likely to be circular hollows carved in mountainous hillsides.He

Accepted Answer

A)   will perceive things just as any other child reared in some other kind of environment.
B)   may be less susceptible to some kinds of illusions than a child reared in some other kind of environment.
C)   may be less susceptible to rotation and reversal errors when grouping letter-like stimuli together than a child reared in some other kind of environment.
D)   is likely to have better depth perception than a child reared in some other kind of environment.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 10

The tendency for infants younger than two months to focus on the external features of a complex stimulus and explore the internal features less systematically is called

Accepted Answer

A)   internal scanning.
B)   external scanning.
C)   the inside-out effect.
D)   the externality effect.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Newborns have difficulty regulating their own temperature because

Accepted Answer

A)   newborns tend to have high calorie diets.
B)   newborns cannot sweat or pant.
C)   newborns keep their extremities close to their bodies.
D)   newborns lack the neurological capacity for regulation.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Two-month-old Timothy was presented with a picture of a rectangle until he showed habituation of attention.When the rectangle was rotated,the habituation continued.When the shape was changed to a square,however,Timothy showed recovery from habituation.These observations suggest that

Accepted Answer

A)   Timothy appears to perceive the individual sides of the objects.
B)   Timothy cannot discriminate between different objects.
C)   Timothy's reliance on kinetic cues has matured.
D)   Timothy appears to perceive the two objects as different from each other.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Which of the following would be a good summary of perceptual development?

Accepted Answer

A)   Babies are not very sophisticated information processors.
B)   Perceptual development reveals an adaptive order that capitalizes on experience.
C)   Infants perceive the world much as adults do.
D)   Children are quite advanced in development before they can integrate their senses.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 14

What is classical conditioning,and what is its relationship to learning development?

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning involves a neutra...

Question 15

Touching John's cheek causes him to turn his head.Before Mother touches John's cheek,she speaks to him.John now turns whenever he hears his mother's voice.Mother's voice is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   conditioned stimulus.
B)   conditioned response.
C)   unconditioned stimulus.
D)   unconditioned response.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

________ is the practice of withdrawing an aversive stimulus with the purpose of strengthening a preceding response.

Accepted Answer

A)   Positive reinforcement
B)   Positive punishment
C)   Negative reinforcement
D)   Negative punishmentE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 17

Which of the following is not true regarding infants' auditory preferences?

Accepted Answer

A)   Infants prefer to listen to a song sung by an adult to another infant over an adult singing a song alone.
B)   Infants prefer passages of Mozart with pauses introduced in natural places over passages with pauses introduced in unnatural places.
C)   Infants prefer intact passages of Mozart to the same passages with scrambled notes.
D)   Infants prefer to listen to passages judged to be displeasing by adults as much as passages judged to be pleasing.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Which of the following is not true of intermodal perceptual development?

Accepted Answer

A)   Newborns appear to be capable of intermodal perception.
B)   Intermodal perception in infants extends to social information as well.
C)   Babies will look longer at a face of the same sex as the voice they hear.
D)   Babies are unable to match the maturity of a face with its voice.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

________ is the basic information in the external world that is recorded by receptors in the brain.

Accepted Answer

A)   Sensation
B)   Perception
C)   Attention
D)   OrganizationE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 20

When her parents first hung the new mobile over her crib,Hannah paid a great deal of attention to it.But as time passed,Hannah paid less attention to the mobile,looking at it less often and for shorter periods of time.Hannah is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A)   habituation.
B)   dishabituation.
C)   recovery from habituation.
D)   negative reinforcement.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Exam 6: Basic Learning and Perception

Which of the following is not true regarding infants' auditory preferences?

Correct Answer
verified

When Brian wakes in the morning,he knows to expect to follow a routine of getting dressed and ready for the day.This understanding is an example of the implicit learning that is important for learning information organized by patterns and rules.

Correct Answer
verified

Touching John's cheek causes him to turn his head.Before Mother touches John's cheek,she speaks to him.John now turns whenever he hears his mother's voice.Mother's voice is a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

When Doreen was in her ninth month of pregnancy,she read nursery rhymes out loud every night for her unborn child to hear.Current research suggests that Doreen's baby

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not true of intermodal perceptual development?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

When her parents first hung the new mobile over her crib,Hannah paid a great deal of attention to it.But as time passed,Hannah paid less attention to the mobile,looking at it less often and for shorter periods of time.Hannah is exhibiting

Correct Answer
verified

Two-month-old Timothy was presented with a picture of a rectangle until he showed habituation of attention.When the rectangle was rotated,the habituation continued.When the shape was changed to a square,however,Timothy showed recovery from habituation.These observations suggest that

Correct Answer
verified

Perceptual narrowing refers to the ability to better discriminate the familiar,such as phonemes and faces,through experience.

Correct Answer
verified

If a researcher were to observe the preferential-looking behavior of a three-month-old,she or he would most likely find that the infant looked at

Correct Answer
verified

________ is the practice of withdrawing an aversive stimulus with the purpose of strengthening a preceding response.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

What is a "carpentered" environment,and how does it relate to perceptual development?

Correct Answer
verified
A carpentered environment is one constru...
View Answer

What is classical conditioning,and what is its relationship to learning development?

Correct Answer
verified
Classical conditioning involves a neutra...
View Answer

Newborns have difficulty regulating their own temperature because

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following would be a good summary of perceptual development?

Correct Answer
verified

________ is the basic information in the external world that is recorded by receptors in the brain.

Correct Answer
verified

The tendency for infants younger than two months to focus on the external features of a complex stimulus and explore the internal features less systematically is called

Correct Answer
verified

Hank grew up in an environment where there are relatively few straight paths and homes are likely to be circular hollows carved in mountainous hillsides.He

Correct Answer
verified

Behaviors tend to increase when followed by negative reinforcement.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: Basic Learning and Perception

Which of the following is not true regarding infants' auditory preferences?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Brian wakes in the morning,he knows to expect to follow a routine of getting dressed and ready for the day.This understanding is an example of the implicit learning that is important for learning information organized by patterns and rules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Touching John's cheek causes him to turn his head.Before Mother touches John's cheek,she speaks to him.John now turns whenever he hears his mother's voice.Mother's voice is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Doreen was in her ninth month of pregnancy,she read nursery rhymes out loud every night for her unborn child to hear.Current research suggests that Doreen's baby

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true of intermodal perceptual development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When her parents first hung the new mobile over her crib,Hannah paid a great deal of attention to it.But as time passed,Hannah paid less attention to the mobile,looking at it less often and for shorter periods of time.Hannah is exhibiting

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two-month-old Timothy was presented with a picture of a rectangle until he showed habituation of attention.When the rectangle was rotated,the habituation continued.When the shape was changed to a square,however,Timothy showed recovery from habituation.These observations suggest that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Perceptual narrowing refers to the ability to better discriminate the familiar,such as phonemes and faces,through experience.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a researcher were to observe the preferential-looking behavior of a three-month-old,she or he would most likely find that the infant looked at

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is the practice of withdrawing an aversive stimulus with the purpose of strengthening a preceding response.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a "carpentered" environment,and how does it relate to perceptual development?

Correct AnswerverifiedA carpentered environment is one constru...View AnswerShow Answer

What is classical conditioning,and what is its relationship to learning development?

Correct AnswerverifiedClassical conditioning involves a neutra...View AnswerShow Answer

Newborns have difficulty regulating their own temperature because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would be a good summary of perceptual development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is the basic information in the external world that is recorded by receptors in the brain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tendency for infants younger than two months to focus on the external features of a complex stimulus and explore the internal features less systematically is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hank grew up in an environment where there are relatively few straight paths and homes are likely to be circular hollows carved in mountainous hillsides.He

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Behaviors tend to increase when followed by negative reinforcement.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
A carpentered environment is one constru...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Classical conditioning involves a neutra...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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