Question 1

In dream research, sleepers are sometimes awakened when physiological measures indicate they are probably dreaming.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Each person relies more on some defense mechanisms and less on others when the ego is threatened. Psychologists refer to this contrast as differences in

Accepted Answer

A)   defensive style.
B)   ego strength.
C)   preferred id impulses.
D)   mental health.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

Whether use of a defense mechanism is adaptive or maladaptive often depends on

Accepted Answer

A)   the user's age.
B)   whether the user distorts reality.
C)   whether the user is aware of the defense mechanism.
D)   the user's gender.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Which of the following is false about sexual jokes?

Accepted Answer

A)   Freud suggested we laugh at sexual jokes to reduce tension.
B)   Jokes are often tolerated when open discussions of sex are inappropriate.
C)   Most sexually oriented jokes contain a great deal of humor.
D)   Freud argued that the humor content of a sexual joke rarely justifies the laughter.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 5

According to Freud, the content of our dreams reveals

Accepted Answer

A)   what has been on our mind when we are awake.
B)   implicit punishments and rewards.
C)   unconscious conflicts and desires.
D)   what we value the most about ourselves.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Based on research findings, which of the following defense mechanisms would we expect to find children use most frequently?

Accepted Answer

A)   Denial
B)   Identification
C)   Reaction formation
D)   SublimationE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

In dream research, sleepers are sometimes awakened when __________ indicates they are probably dreaming.

Accepted Answer

A)   a physiological measure
B)   respiration rate
C)   the time of night
D)   none of the aboveE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 8

How responsive you are to hypnotic suggestions

Accepted Answer

A)   depends largely on how good the hypnotist is.
B)   is fairly stable over time, like a personality trait.
C)   changes with your amount of experience with hypnosis.
D)   can be predicted from personality trait measures like intelligence and extraversion.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Give a description of your own of the defense mechanisms used by children and contrast them with those used by adults. Give examples of different individual differences in defense mechanisms.

Accepted Answer

Defense mechanisms are psychological str...

Question 10

Sammy is twelve years old. Which of the following defense mechanisms is he likely to resort to when dealing with anxiety-provoking situations?

Accepted Answer

A)   Denial
B)   Projection
C)   Identification
D)   SublimationE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 11

One function of dreams that Freud maintained was they provide a safe and healthy outlet for expressing aggressive desires.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

According to one explanation of hypnosis, the superego forms a new subsystem when a person is under hypnosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Write about a dream you have had and give an example of a psychoanalytic interpretation of it. Why do people dream, according to Freud? Summarize the research findings on dreams that challenge Freud's theory of dreaming.

Accepted Answer

I once had a dream where I was walking t...

Question 14

When researchers asked people to rate cartoons for funniness, they found that

Accepted Answer

A)   each participant experienced a cathartic release of tension.
B)   cartoons with sexual and aggressive themes were rated as funnier than cartoons with other themes.
C)   the likelihood of participants acting aggressively significantly increased.
D)   funniness ratings were inconsistent with predictions from Freudian theory.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 15

Researchers draw a distinction between defense mechanisms and coping strategies, in that defense mechanisms are ________ whereas coping strategies are _________.

Accepted Answer

A)   negative; positive
B)   ineffective; effective
C)   innate; learned
D)   unconscious; consciousE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following defense mechanisms is said to protect the individual by attributing unacceptable thoughts to someone else?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sublimation
B)   Reaction formation
C)   Denial
D)   ProjectionE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

One problem researchers have had in finding experimental evidence in support of Freud's theory of humor is that

Accepted Answer

A)   many of the findings are subject to alternative explanations.
B)   predictions can't be derived from Freud's theory.
C)   very few, if any, of the findings have been replicated.
D)   researchers are unable to manipulate the participant's unconscious thoughts.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Which of the following has been found effective for improving a person's hypnotic responsiveness?

Accepted Answer

A)   Finding a compatible hypnotist
B)   Giving the subject more experience with hypnosis
C)   Changing the subject's expectancy to one of active involvement and response
D)   Changing the subject's personalityE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 19

When people have dreams about falling or being chased that they have dreamed before, we call these dreams

Accepted Answer

A)   conscious.
B)   paradoxical.
C)   surreal.
D)   recurrent.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Some psychoanalytic researchers have argued that dreams represent unresolved conflicts. As evidence for this interpretation, they point to

Accepted Answer

A)   how much more men sleep than women.
B)   the results of sleep-deprivation studies.
C)   recurrent dreams.
D)   how much babies dream compared to adults.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Exam 4: The Freudian Approach: Relevant Research

Which of the following is false about sexual jokes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When researchers asked people to rate cartoons for funniness, they found that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In dream research, sleepers are sometimes awakened when physiological measures indicate they are probably dreaming.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers draw a distinction between defense mechanisms and coping strategies, in that defense mechanisms are ________ whereas coping strategies are _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sammy is twelve years old. Which of the following defense mechanisms is he likely to resort to when dealing with anxiety-provoking situations?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following defense mechanisms is said to protect the individual by attributing unacceptable thoughts to someone else?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each person relies more on some defense mechanisms and less on others when the ego is threatened. Psychologists refer to this contrast as differences in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Give a description of your own of the defense mechanisms used by children and contrast them with those used by adults. Give examples of different individual differences in defense mechanisms.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIDefense mechanisms are psychological str...View AnswerShow Answer

According to one explanation of hypnosis, the superego forms a new subsystem when a person is under hypnosis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Write about a dream you have had and give an example of a psychoanalytic interpretation of it. Why do people dream, according to Freud? Summarize the research findings on dreams that challenge Freud's theory of dreaming.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AII once had a dream where I was walking t...View AnswerShow Answer

In dream research, sleepers are sometimes awakened when __________ indicates they are probably dreaming.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following has been found effective for improving a person's hypnotic responsiveness?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Whether use of a defense mechanism is adaptive or maladaptive often depends on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Freud, the content of our dreams reveals

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people have dreams about falling or being chased that they have dreamed before, we call these dreams

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One function of dreams that Freud maintained was they provide a safe and healthy outlet for expressing aggressive desires.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on research findings, which of the following defense mechanisms would we expect to find children use most frequently?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One problem researchers have had in finding experimental evidence in support of Freud's theory of humor is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some psychoanalytic researchers have argued that dreams represent unresolved conflicts. As evidence for this interpretation, they point to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How responsive you are to hypnotic suggestions

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Researchers draw a distinction between defense mechanisms and coping strategies, in that defense mechanisms are whereas coping strategies are _.

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Defense mechanisms are psychological str...
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I once had a dream where I was walking t...
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