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Your girlfriend plans to start a new company to make a new type of cat litter.Her father will finance the operation,but she will have to pay him back.You are helping her,and the issue now is how to finance the company,with equity only or with a mix of debt and equity.The price per unit will be $10.00 regardless of how the firm is financed.The expected fixed and variable operating costs,along with other information,are shown below.How much higher or lower will the firm's expected EPS be if it uses some debt rather than only equity,i.e. ,what is EPSL - EPSU? Do not round your intermediate calculations. Your girlfriend plans to start a new company to make a new type of cat litter.Her father will finance the operation,but she will have to pay him back.You are helping her,and the issue now is how to finance the company,with equity only or with a mix of debt and equity.The price per unit will be $10.00 regardless of how the firm is financed.The expected fixed and variable operating costs,along with other information,are shown below.How much higher or lower will the firm's expected EPS be if it uses some debt rather than only equity,i.e. ,what is EPS<sub>L</sub> - EPS<sub>U</sub>? Do not round your intermediate calculations.   ​ A)  $02.48 B)  $02.35 C)  $03.10 D)  $02.85 E)  $02.60


A) $02.48
B) $02.35
C) $03.10
D) $02.85
E) $02.60

F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

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According to Modigliani and Miller (MM),in a world with corporate income taxes the optimal capital structure calls for approximately 100% debt financing.

A) True
B) False

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A group of venture investors is considering putting money into Lemma Books,which wants to produce a new reader for electronic books.The variable cost per unit is estimated at $250,the sales price would be set at twice the VC/unit,or $500,and fixed costs are estimated at $350,000.The investors will put up the funds if the project is likely to have an operating income of $500,000 or more.What sales volume would be required in order to meet the minimum profit goal? (Hint: Use the break-even formula,but include the required profit in the numerator. )


A) 3,706
B) 3,400
C) 2,958
D) 3,094
E) 4,216

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Other things held constant,which of the following events would be most likely to encourage a firm to increase the amount of debt in its capital structure?


A) Its sales are projected to become less stable in the future.
B) The bankruptcy laws are changed in a way that would make bankruptcy more costly to the firm and its stockholders.
C) Management believes that the firm's stock is currently overvalued.
D) The firm decides to automate its factory with specialized equipment and thus increase its use of operating leverage.
E) The corporate tax rate is increased.

F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

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Dyson Inc.currently finances with 20.0% debt (i.e. ,wd = 20%) ,but its new CFO is considering changing the capital structure so wd = 36.0% by issuing additional bonds and using the proceeds to repurchase and retire common shares so the percentage of common equity in the capital structure (wc) = 1 - wd.Given the data shown below,by how much would this recapitalization change the firm's cost of equity? Do not round your intermediate calculations.(Hint: You must unlever the current beta and then use the unlevered beta to solve the problem. ) Dyson Inc.currently finances with 20.0% debt (i.e. ,w<sub>d</sub> = 20%) ,but its new CFO is considering changing the capital structure so w<sub>d</sub> = 36.0% by issuing additional bonds and using the proceeds to repurchase and retire common shares so the percentage of common equity in the capital structure (w<sub>c</sub>) = 1 - w<sub>d</sub>.Given the data shown below,by how much would this recapitalization change the firm's cost of equity? Do not round your intermediate calculations.(Hint: You must unlever the current beta and then use the unlevered beta to solve the problem. )    ​ A)  1.61% B)  1.66% C)  1.24% D)  1.68% E)  1.69%


A) 1.61%
B) 1.66%
C) 1.24%
D) 1.68%
E) 1.69%

F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

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A firm's capital structure does not affect its free cash flows as discussed in the text,because FCF reflects only operating cash flows,which are available to service debt,to pay dividends to stockholders,and for other purposes.

A) True
B) False

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Southwest U's campus book store sells course packs for $18 each,the variable cost per pack is $8,fixed costs to produce the packs are $200,000,and expected annual sales are 51,000 packs.What are the pre-tax profits from sales of course packs?


A) $285,200
B) $310,000
C) $306,900
D) $248,000
E) $372,000

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following statements is CORRECT?


A) A firm can use retained earnings without paying a flotation cost.Therefore,while the cost of retained earnings is not zero,its cost is generally lower than the after-tax cost of debt.
B) The capital structure that minimizes a firm's weighted average cost of capital is also the capital structure that maximizes its stock price.
C) The capital structure that minimizes the firm's weighted average cost of capital is also the capital structure that maximizes its earnings per share.
D) If a firm finds that the cost of debt is less than the cost of equity,increasing its debt ratio must reduce its WACC.
E) Other things held constant,if corporate tax rates declined,then the Modigliani-Miller tax-adjusted theory would suggest that firms should increase their use of debt.

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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